Why TM-CNN Is a Material Scientist's New Best Friend

II. RELATED WORKS

A. JUNCTIONS AND TERMINALS DETECTION

Junctions and terminals are shapes with relevance that extend beyond materials. Within computer vision, recognizing and enumerating them has been performed in diverse contexts, such as natural landscapes [20], biology [21] and handwriting images [22].

B. CLASSICAL METHODS FOR JUNCTIONS AND TERMINALS DETECTION

One prevalent approach for detecting junctions and terminals involves using skeletonization as a pre-processing step. This process reduces the image to one-pixel-wide lines to represent its structures. Points in skeleton can then be identified as terminals, junctions and crossings based on their neighboring pixels. This technique has been applied in vascular images [23] and in the analysis of handwritten Chinese characters [24].

Pre-processing techniques using contour information have also been explored for junction detection. Lee and Wu [25] investigated stroke extraction in Chinese characters. Their method segments regions according to their contour, identifying junctions ...