AI Is Changing Schema Matching in Ways Rule-Based Systems Couldn't

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Every AI project assumes the data underneath it is already aligned. It almost never is.

Before a model trains, before a dashboard loads, before a retrieval pipeline returns anything useful, someone has to answer a question that sounds trivial and is not: do these two columns actually mean the same thing?

Right now a data engineer is staring at two spreadsheets trying to work that out. One column is called cust_id. Another calls it customer_number. A third file, inherited from a team that got acquired last year, went with CustomerRef. None of them agree on whether the value is an integer, a string, or a zero-padded code, and one stores it as a float because Excel got involved at some point, which is usually how these stories begin.

That is the job: working out that the three columns with three names and three types are probably the same thing. It...

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