A $1,500 foundation model that rivals larger LLMs

https://images.ctfassets.net/jdtwqhzvc2n1/5f6OtV35BgTCDXmJgbnBa1/c9938db9c42cfa72001085087e5dc003/HRM.jpg?w=800&q=75

Training a foundation LLM from scratch costs millions and requires internet-scale data — which is why most enterprises don't bother. Sapient thinks it has a cheaper path.

To overcome this brute-force scaling dogma, researchers at Sapient developed HRM-Text, which replaces standard Transformers with a highly sample-efficient Hierarchical Recurrent Model (HRM), an architecture they first introduced last year.

HRM decouples computation into slow-evolving strategic and fast-evolving execution layers. Instead of brute-force autoregressive prediction on raw text, HRM-Text trains exclusively on instruction-response pairs. This is close to real-world enterprise settings, where users usually expect a targeted answer to a specific task.

The researchers were able to train a 1B-parameter HRM-Text from scratch at a fraction of the cost and tokens of normal LLMs. Their model achieved performance competitive with much larger open models on key industry benchmarks.

For real-world AI applications, this means foundational pretraining is no longer restricted to...

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