What Are Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and How Do They Work?

Where this starts: teaching machines to see

Computer vision is one of the foundational subfields of AI. The goal is simple to state and hard to achieve: give a machine the ability to look at the physical world, an image or a video and, and actually understand what it's looking at, then make decisions based on that understanding.

For years, that meant training specialized models to do specialized things: classify an image, detect an object, recognize a face. Each model did its one job. None of them could talk to you about what they saw.

Then large language models changed the center of gravity of the entire field.

The LLM detour that made VLMs possible

Over the last five years, large language models went from research curiosity to the engine of the modern AI boom. An LLM is a deep learning model trained on enormous amounts of text to understand,...

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