Microsoft Couldn't Answer That Question Under Oath
On June 9, 2025, Anton Carniaux, Microsoft's legal director for France, sat before a French Senate commission investigating public procurement and testified under oath. A senator asked him a narrow question. Could he guarantee that data belonging to French citizens, held under French public contracts, would never be handed to United States authorities without French consent?
He said he could not. He added that no such demand had ever been made.
Both halves of that answer were honest, and the second half didn't help. The room had not asked whether it had happened. The room had asked whether it could. The answer was that a company operating under U.S. jurisdiction cannot promise otherwise, no matter where the servers sit or how the contract is written.
That exchange is the sovereignty problem in one sentence. It is not a breach. It is a jurisdiction.
The debate moved from cloud to AI,...
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