From BOT to BOTT: Why the transfer was never the finish line
By Singaravelu Ekambaram, SVP and Global Head of Delivery, Americas at Cognizant
For two decades, Build-Operate-Transfer was the dominant logic for GCC establishment and it worked. It gave enterprises a structured, lower-risk entry into India: capability built by a partner with the expertise, operated long enough to prove stability, then handed over. Clean sequencing, clear milestones, defined exit.
The problem is not with the model. It is with what the model assumed: that transfer was the destination.
What we are seeing across GCC engagements today is that the most consequential work begins after the handover. Centers that were set up to run defined delivery functions are now being asked to own global product platforms, drive AI industrialisation at enterprise scale, and contribute directly to top-line outcomes. A framework built around arriving at independence does not adequately equip a center to do any of that. It gets you to a starting...
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