ARTEX and Friends: Enter Agentic Offensive Frameworks
Written by: Aurora Blum, David Mainor, Rohit Nambiar, Omar ElAhdan, Matthew McWhirt, Will Silverstone, Bhavesh Dhake, Chris Busse
Introduction
Recent intrusions in which threat actors have been observed weaponizing agentic frameworks to execute highly-automated intrusions has put a spotlight on evolving adversarial use of LLMs. In our September 2026 report, Google Threat Intelligence Group (GTIG) noted that forward leaning adversaries were beginning to transition from basic prompting to agentic workflows and LLM-enabled automation.
Since this publication, GTIG and Mandiant have observed multiple threat actors abusing the open-source, agentic pentesting frameworks ARTEX, Hexstrike and CAIRN in incident response engagements to conduct a broad range of actions across multiple phases of the attack life cycle. This activity has been seen across the threat landscape, as noted in a recent Wiz report. The emergence of Artex and similar agentic offensive intrusion frameworks underscores a broader shift toward threat actor adoption of...
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